منابع مشابه
Off the wall
O ne of the most intriguing events in the history of life on earth is the evolution of self-replicating cells. Indeed, it is dazzling to even think about the complexity of the evolutionary changes required to go from a random mixture of molecules to highly organized bacterial cells that are capable of replicating themselves. A predominant theory is that RNA may have formed the basic genetic ele...
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Recent findings indicate that fungi use vesicular transport to deliver substances across their cell walls. Fungal vesicles are similar to mammalian exosomes and could originate from cytoplasmic multivesicular bodies. Vesicular transport enables the export of large molecules across the cell wall, and vesicles contain lipids, proteins and polysaccharides, many of which are associated with virulen...
متن کاملImmunoreactivity of the fungal cell wall.
The cell wall is the major fungal structure involved in the interaction with the host and most of the immunological effects observed with intact fungal cells have been reproduced with cell-wall components. As a result of the exposure to fungal antigens, most individuals develop both cellular and antibody responses intended to limit the invasiveness or to eradicate the fungus from the infected t...
متن کاملHuman Th17 cells
The discovery in mice of a new lineage of CD4+ effector T helper (Th) cells that selectively produce IL-17 has provided exciting new insights into immune regulation, host defence, and the pathogenesis of autoimmune and other chronic inflammatory disorders. This population of CD4+ Th cells, which has been termed 'Th17', indeed plays an apparently critical role in the pathogenesis of some murine ...
متن کاملTh17 Cells in Cancer
T helper (Th)17 cells regulate host defense and exacerbate autoimmune diseases, yet their role in tumor immunity remains controversial with reports that Th17 cells could either promote or suppress tumor growth, depending on the type of malignancy or means of therapeutic intervention. This review discusses how inflammatory signals (such as cytokines and co-stimulatory/co-inhibitory molecules) in...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Cell Host & Microbe
سال: 2009
ISSN: 1931-3128
DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2009.04.004